This lies at the Basic
ATOMS are the Basic building blocks of the matter that make up everyday Object.a desk, the air, even you made up of atoms
Most atoms have different subatomic particles inside them
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
The Protons and Neutrons are packed together into the Center of the Atom - which is called Neutron
and Electrons which are very much smaller in size whiz around outside
Electrons are so mobile that every second they orbit the atomic nucleus around the up to 500 trillion times
Electrons and Protons have the Electrical Property Called CHARGE
Protons Have Positive Charge
Electrons have Negative Charge
Neutrons have no Charge - neutral
Hence they Normally Balance each other out. So the Total Net charge of Atom is Zero.
CURRENT:
When electrons move together in a unified way we say there is a current Flowing.
Electrons are actually moving all time in materials like metals But Moving in a Random Disordered Way, A current is Flowing when Movement of Electrons in a PARTICULAR DIRECTION
When Normally electrons are moving Randomly in All materials But we need them to move in Unified way to Produce the Current.. So We FORCE them to move in One unified way.. The Battery Supplies the FORCE that makes the Electrons move in unified way.. this Force is Called Electromotive Force or Potential Difference or simply Voltage.
Water Analogy of Voltage(Measure in Volts), Current(Measured in Amps)
and Resistance(Measured in Ohms)
Analogy : Water - Electrons
Pressure - Voltage
Flow - Current
Electrons can't flow through every Material in a same way.
Materials that allow a current Flow easily are called conductors.
Materials that don't allow a current flow are called non conductor or insulators.
Metals are the most common conductors, Plastics are typical Insulators
We measure how much opposition is to an electric current as resistance
Resistors are somewhere between conductors, which conduct easily, and insulators,which don't conduct at all.
OHM's Law
Combining the elements of Voltage , Current and resistance, a person
called Georg Simon Ohm Ohm developed the formula
V = IR
where V = voltage in volts
I = current in amps
R = Resistance in ohms
this is called Ohms law.
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