Serial Communication.....What is it?

what is Serial communication?
we can go through that But..
first what is communication?
communication is way of exchanging the information. information is in any form the languages, radio waves, machine code. we humans communicate using languages. radio devices communicate using radio waves. computers and controllers with in radio or any device communicate using machine code.

if i talk in English and the other person before me talking with Another Language like Telugu, we ended up fighting each other why ? it does make any sense to both of us if we talk in different languages with each other... it is not a proper way of communicating.

so what is proper way of communicating.. is following some standard of rules while exchanging the data each other.. so first we need to know the rules


what is serial?
serial in simple terms means One after another..

Normally in data communication there two ways to transfer the data..
Serial and Parallel.

all the computers and processors are internally exchange data and commands using parallel communication.
But Serial communication has the advantage of less lines when compared to the parallel communication i.e if we wanted to send 8 data bits using 8 bit parallel communication we requires 8 wires, In serial communication we only require 3 wires : one for data , second line for the ground and possibly third line for clock.

Disadvantage of serial communication is low data transfer rate when compared to parallel communication.

Serial Communication Protocol
like before we said we need to follow some standard of rules to achieve proper way of communication. the classy word for these rules are PROTOCOL

In any communication the receiver must know what kind of data to expect and at what rate?


There are two general strategies for communicating : Asynchronous and Synchronous. Each has its advantages and disadvantages.

Asynchronous communication take place outside of real time. For example, a learner sends you an e-mail message. You later read and respond to the message. There is a time lag between the time the learner sent the message and you replied, even if the lag time is short.

In contrast, synchronous, or real-time, communication takes place like a conversation.

In Serial Communication there also two ways:
Synchronous Serial Communication like SPI
and Asynchronous Serial communication like UART